Of law and numbers: the challenges of quantification for transnational law and European private law
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Resumo
O artigo analisa a crescente utilização de instrumentos de análise quantitativa na legislação, tais como indicadores, rankings e benchmarking. Em primeiro lugar, coloca esse desenvolvimento no contexto mais amplo da globalização, que desafia a autoridade dos Estados e os mecanismos tradicionais de elaboração e implementação de leis. Esse fenómeno altera as características das regras, diluindo as fronteiras entre o direito e outros meios de controlo social, os atores envolvidos e os mecanismos de responsabilização e controlo. Além disso, também desafia a base epistemológica do direito (particularmente o direito comparado), envolvendo diferentes métodos de análise, bem como diferentes conceitos e categorias. Partindo destas premissas, o artigo centra-se nos recentes desenvolvimentos do direito privado europeu; enquanto os esforços de harmonização abrangentes baseados em modelos tradicionais (como os códigos civis) fracassaram, novos exemplos do que tem sido designado por direito privado regulamentar europeu (Micklitz) estão a expandir-se através de novos modos de governação, dos quais a quantificação e a medição são um elemento importante. O artigo conclui destacando alguns elementos importantes sobre os quais a investigação futura nesta área deverá incidir.
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