The emergence of 4.0. employment contracts: on the need to redefine employment in the context of automated Labour
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Resumo
Partindo de uma análise dos impactos ratione personae e ra-tione materiae que a automação tem na atividade laboral, o presente artigo pondera se a Inteligência Artificial (IA) deve beneficiar de um esta-tuto de trabalhador “feito à medida” ou se deve permanecer na categoria de bem. Com base nas conclusões extraídas a esse respeito, o artigo sugere que, nas próximas décadas, os contratos de trabalho continuarão a ter nos seres humanos o seu referencial e a ser definidos com base na tríade serviços-subordinação-remuneração. Não obstante, ao Direito do Trabalho e às políticas laborais poderá ser exigido um esforço de atualização. À medida que os sistemas de IA penetram o mercado de trabalho, aspetos como a diversificação de competências, o princípio da não-dis-criminação no acesso a certas profissões e o exercício da liberdade de iniciativa económica verão a sua importância reforçada. Prevê-se, assim, a emergência de um Direito do Trabalho mais garantístico, elevando no-vos escudos contra invasões excessivamente “orwellianas” nos dados dos trabalhadores, na sua privacidade e no seu bem-estar no local de trabalho.
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