Estimulação magnética transcraniana para a reabilitação das doenças do cérebro
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Resumo
Com o aumento da esperança média de vida, aumenta também a comorbilidade de patologias associadas ao envelhecimento e a consequente busca por novas terapias e abordagens de tratamento das doenças do cérebro. Neste contexto específico, as técnicas de neuromodulação, onde se enquadra a Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana (TMS), têm tido avanços promissores e suscitado grande interesse por parte da comunidade científica pelo seu potencial terapêutico. A TMS resulta da produção de campos magnéticos variáveis no tempo, induzindo a produção de correntes eléctricas no córtex cerebral, modificando a excitabilidade intra-cortical e activando estruturas corticais e subcorticais distantes ao longo de conecções específicas. Pretende-se, com este artigo, apresentar uma breve revisão da literatura sobre este tema de forma a evidenciar as diferentes aplicações clínicas desta técnica na reabilitação de pessoas com doenças neurológicas.
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